This whitepaper presents a quantitative, simulation-based techno-economic assessment of hybrid Power-to-X (P2X) systems combining PV, onshore wind, a 50 MW electrolyzer and a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) behind a single, constrained grid connection, developed in collaboration with the Institute for High Voltage Equipment & Grids, Digitalization and Energy Economics (IAEW) at RWTH Aachen University. Hybrid P2X economics depend less on individual component performance than on how dispatch logic, system sizing and regulatory attribution interact. Unlike approaches focused on isolated asset economics, this methodology couples a mixed-integer linear dispatch optimization at 15-minute resolution with transparent techno-economic indicators (NPV, IRR, DPP, LCOH) and explicitly maps the EEG 2023 framework, including §19(3b) pro-rata attribution and §85d delimitation rules.

Applied to a German reference case across four scenarios of stepwise BESS functionality, from a baseline without storage to full multi-use operation and complemented by sizing landscapes for PV, wind and BESS capacity, the analysis shows how operating the BESS as a multi-use flexibility asset lifts project NPV nearly ninefold while green LCOH improves only marginally. The results provide decision-grade guidance on system design, dispatch strategy and the trade-off between profitability and decarbonization.